teenage pregnancy Essays (1029 words) - Midwifery, Teenage Pregnancy

High schooler Pregnancy In the economy today high schooler pregnancy has gotten in vogue. For reasons unknown impromptu pregnancy is as normal as a hot new pair of shoes. For what reason are these adolescents utilizing sex as a break goat? It might be on the grounds that they are running from that point issues or; possibly the teenagers are trying to claim ignorance about having any issues. Another explanation could be that these some youthful grown-ups are not shown the results of having unprotected sex. Young pregnancy is on a genuine ascent and; the more youngsters that become guardians at an early age the more extensive the chance is for them to wind up dropping out of school or turning into a government assistance beneficiary. As per (the? National Campaign to forestall adolescent pregnancy) (about 80 percent of unmarried high schooler moms end up on government assistance). Young ladies are considering it a pregnancy craze however more established individuals viewpoint of it is straight obliviousness. In a semi-late occasion of the announced adolescent pregnancy settlement it was found that at any rate seventeen young ladies were pregnant and every one of them go to a similar school. It was accounted for that the youngsters needed their kids to grow up together. This occasion occurred in Gloucester, Mass. ?A portion of the young ladies responded to the news they were pregnant with high fives and plans for infant showers? (JosephSullivan, 2008) ?One of the dads is a twenty-multi y ear old vagrant.? (Time Magazine, 2008) In numerous urban networks young pregnancies is an exceptional issue; there are numerous triggers that can pave the way to a youngster getting pregnant. As indicated by specialists, the investigation obviously shows that American teenagers are presented to an expanding level of sexual substance. In all the quantity of sexual scenes contained in around 1,000 shows examined 1,930 out of 1998 to 3,780 of every 2005 the investigation remembered appears for link and communicate TV. You figure it out these numbers has fundamentally soar. Seven out of ten shows viewed by adolescents presently contain some type of sexual substance, while each show contains progressively sexual references, than they did a couple of years prior. The investigation inspected a wide scope of sexual substance, including conversational references to sex, inferred sex acts, and portrayed sex. This is sufficient to send high schooler hormones into a seething question. It doesn't stop that it why 750,000 adolescents become pregnant every year while a gauge of 4 million every year wind up contracting explicitly transmitted infections. (foxnews.com pg.1of2) There are a wide range of Government subsidized projects that assists teenager guardians yet somewhere in the range of a great deal of the organizations has shut because of low spending deficiencies. A portion of the various projects that give help to teenager moms are Alternative For Girls, Second Chance Home, Lutheran Family Services, and The Salvation Army?s Mother and Child program. These projects give the teenagers a spot for them and their kids to live, three dinners every day, recipe for the youngster, diapers, and attire and cleanliness item for both mother and kid. The projects likewise show little youngsters how to turn out to be better guardians and individuals in general. As I would see it the homes gives the moms a feeling of flourishing and expectation. As per http://www.familyfirstaid.org adolescent moms are more averse to finish secondary school (only 33% gets a secondary school certificate) and just 1.5 percent has a professional education by the age of thirty. A secondary school in Honolulu, Hawaii has a high schooler drop out program for understudy guardians. While numerous schools the nation over give instructional projects to youngster guardians most schools don't have a nearby day care focus. The program ranges from grades 7-12. Despite the fact that this is a positive approach to promoting the instruction of a high schooler parent, the showing consistently should begin in the home. A parent may not have the foggiest idea about this however he/she can assume a wide job in their high schooler getting pregnant. A few youngsters may feel ignored by a parent. While other high schooler young ladies go to a more seasoned man for hell's sake, solace, backing, and friendship that their dad could have neglected to show. This is activated by experiencing childhood in a home where there is inability to convey. This can likewise originate from maybe a messed up home

Bolwbys theory of attachment Essay

Layout and Evaluate Bowlby’s Evolutionary Theory of Attachment. (12mark) Attachment can be portrayed utilizing two hypotheses, one being Bowlby’s connection hypothesis which depends on a transformative point of view. The hypothesis recommends that advancement has delivered a conduct that is basic to the endurance to permit the passing on of qualities. A baby that holds near their mom is bound to endure. The characteristics that lead to that connection will be normally chosen. Bowlby has the possibility that connection has advanced and it is intrinsic as it improves the probability of endurance and multiplication, he proposes that kids are as of now brought into the world with this natural drive and that they were destined to play out these practices and destined to accomplish connection. To improve the endurance of their posterity providing care is additionally versatile and we are destined to think about our kids. He recommends that babies were brought into the world with social releasers (for instance: crying/grinning) which support providing care. Bowlby likewise proposes that there is a best an ideal opportunity to frame a connection, this is known as the touchy period where newborn children are generally delicate to advancement of connections and Bowlby would recommend this is the point at which the youngster is 3-6 months old. In any case, connection can in any case happen at different occasions however it turns out to be progressively troublesome. Connection goes about as a safe base for investigation, which impacts autonomy instead of reliance. Bowlby contends that newborn children structure a solitary exceptional connection with one specific connection figure, as a rule the mother. This is called monotropy. Different connections may create in a chain of command. A newborn child may in this manner have an essential monotropy connection to its mom, and underneath her the chain of command of connections may incorporate its dad, kin, grandparents, and so forth. Another key element of Bowlby’s hypothesis is that the baby builds up an interior working model of connections that guides relationship conduct as a more established kid and a grown-up. This prompts the coherence theory and the view that there is a connection between the early connection and later enthusiastic conduct. A quality of this hypothesis is that exploration seems to propose that once the delicate period has passed it is hard to shape connections. Hodges and Tizard (1989) found that kids who have shaped no connections had later troubles with their friends. This accordingly bolsters Bowlby’s idea of a delicate period during which newborn children are generally touchy to the improvement of connections. Another quality is that on the off chance that connection evolved as Bowlby proposes, at that point we would anticipate connection and providing care to be all inclusive. Tronick et each of the (1992) examined an African family clan where newborn children were taken care of by various ladies however laid down with their own mom around evening time. In any case, regardless of this, following a half year the kids all despite everything gave one essential connection. This backings the view that we are destined to accomplish connection since connection and providing care are all inclusive and not affected by various societies. At long last, Bowlby recommended that newborn children structure various connections which at that point structure a chain of command and there is a lot of proof to help this. The investigation by Schaffer and Emerson likewise found that most babies have numerous connections. They announced that there was little connection between time spent together and connection. This recommends it is the nature of providing care as opposed to its amount. This backings Bowlby’s hypothesis since it conflicts with the Learning hypothesis as the learning hypothesis proposes that food is the fundamental key to building up a connection. A shortcoming of this hypothesis is the various connection model as this model proposes that there are no essential and auxiliary connections yet rather they are totally coordinated into one single model. Grossman and Grossman explored newborn child father connection and found that there is a key job for the father’s in social turn of events. This is an analysis in light of the fact that Grossman and Grossman are recommending that there isn't one specific figure as Bowlby proposes however that fathers and moms both assume a job in the improvement of a youngster and thusly the two of them are as significant as one another. Another shortcoming incorporates the inward working model as per Bowlby it is normal that kids structure comparative connections with all individuals since they are working from a similar model. Sheep (1977) found that a few youngsters structure secure associations with their moms and shaky associations with their dads. This recommends there is a whole other world to connection than only a touchy reaction to a social releaser. Kagan (1984) found that youngsters have a natural personality, e. g. nice or troublesome, that impacts early connections with their guardians and later connections when they are grown-ups. This is called disposition speculation. This implies connections structure because of demeanor not a natural quality for connection.

Screening America in Hollywood Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Screening America in Hollywood Film - Essay Example In addition, post-war social changes influenced the general public in general and this is clear in the depiction of male and female heroes as a rule. Correspondingly, nerves around sexual orientation character brought about the change in customary sex jobs, and it wound up in the development of sensible good example for the working lady. Inside this situation, it is clear that post-war social changes and nerves around sexual orientation character constrained the executives to depict the pictures of sex in post-war Hollywood film with distinction. Theory proclamation: The nearby assessment of the pictures of sex in post-war Hollywood film, considering the manners by which movies of this period show both post-war social changes and nerves around sex character demonstrates that post â€war social changes brought about the perfect picture of expert male and rural housewife, change in customary sex jobs, the picture of average workers manliness, the craving for sexual lack of involvement, depiction of feeble male sexuality, female disappointment, nervousness over changing nature of manliness, inadmissibility towards war-time manliness, and the depiction of sex jobs as social developments, and nerves around sex personality brought about the change in conventional sex personality, depiction of pressures among male and fem ale individuals, changing female job (sexual opportunity), strife with disturbed sex jobs, change in sex jobs identified with free training and credits for advances for homes and organizations, depiction of the impact of industrialism over female sex job, the general inclination to connect womanliness to family life, upsetting home life, and rise of sensible good example for the working lady (extraordinary references to the post-WWII films identified with post-war social changes and tensions around sex personality). One can see that the WWII brought about the mass movement from urban territories to rural zones inside the various states in US. To be explicit, this can be

Pob Sba Guide for Description of Business Essay Example for Free

Pob Sba Guide for Description of Business Essay Fundamental Objective of doing this SBA To offer you a chance to apply the information picked up in the investigation of Principles of Business. 1. 2. In what capacity will this be finished? The target will be satisfied through the assessment of an assigned business/firm. The information assortment instruments will be the poll and the meeting. The data accumulated will at that point be examined and assessed, with the point of making explicit determinations about the firm. Our staff comprises of twenty representatives four of who are bosses of the processing plant and three managerial staff answerable for bookkeeping, charging and compensation. A Production Manager is responsible for all creation forms and the chiefs report to him. There is a Quality Control Supervisor who reports legitimately to the accomplices. An Inventory Manager is accountable for getting, stockpiling and issuance of crude materials just as receipt, stockpiling and appropriation of the completed items with a staff of three aides to support him. The utilitarian regions of the business will incorporate Purchasing/Logistics, Inventory Management, Production, Distribution and

Social Law Policy Term Paper - 1925 Words

Social Law Policy (Term Paper Sample) Content: Student name:Course name and Code:University:Tutor:Date of submission:CASE STUDY A à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ CAPACITY FOR PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSIntroductionThe case of the 39 year old woman (Named Alice* for the purpose of referencing in this case), living in a group home and her decision to marry her partner raises concerns over her ability to make decisions on whether to marry and where to live; given that she suffers paranoid schizophrenia and limited cognitive functioning. It is established that Alice is not in a position to make the decision to get married and the local authorities propose that she is only in a position to make decisions regarding her personal, sexual experience with her partner. In addition, the local authorities propose that for her safety, she should only have limited, supervised contact with her partner. The Court of Protection deems this unreasonable and an infringement to Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s privacy; hence suggesting less supervision and extra support from the local authorities as required.Considering this case on capacity for personal relationships, two legislations apply in analysing the emerging issues. These are the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005, both of which can be interpreted to reach a decision on how to treat Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s predicament. This paper is a discussion of the two legislations in relation to the case in order to determine the applicable facts and courses of action.DiscussionThe Human Rights Act of 1998 seeks to protect individuals and safeguard human rights and setting minimum standards on how human beings should be treated. The HRA (1998) is highly applicable in this case because various factions as defined by the law may be applied in interpretation of the case as follows:The right to life as provided in Article 2 of HRA states that authorities must ensure reasonable steps to protect life are taken. This means that the authorities are obligated to take preventative measures to protect a person whose life is deemed to be at risk and hence implement any possible measures to protect life. It is evident from this case that the relationship between Alice and her partner could subject her to risky situations. He not only abuses drugs but is also abusive to her and has been known to misuse her support benefits for drugs. The fact that spending significant amounts of time with her partner puts Alice at risk of non-compliance with medication, deterioration of her illness and other risks can be used as defence by the local authority to explain that the proposal to only allow Alice to see her partner for two hours per month, supervised, is meant to protect her life.Alice on the other hand may be said to have the right to liberty under A. 5 (HRA, 1998). This Article states that each individual has the freedom to move about as they want without restriction, such as being locked in a room or being detained. The local authorities can be said to be infringing Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s r ight to liberty by restricting her from seeing her boyfriend whenever she wants. The law however provides for exceptions; where the authorities can expressly prove that the person is suffering from a mental disorder and that this has been established objectively through medical expertise. In the Mental Capacity Act (MCA, 2005), it is provided that a person may be deprived of his or her liberty if this is in regard to an order under s. 16(2)(a) (MCA, 1998) concerning the personal welfare of the affected person (Lucas, 2011). The local authorities in this instance have already established that Alice suffers from paranoid schizophrenia and could use this as an argument for restricting her relationship and thus her movements.A. 8 (HRA, 1998) ensures that individuals have the right to a private and family life. This includes the right to have unlimited and confidential communication, control how information is shared about their private life and not to be followed or investigated without any legal right (Woods, 1999). Unmarried partners are also included as family and Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s rights can therefore be said to have been violated. As argued by the Court of Protection, the actions taken by the local authority amount to excessive intrusion into her private life and would cause further distress and disruption to her life and relationship. Restricting when Alice should see her partner and supervising her is an infringement to her privacy and to a great extent a violation to her right to family life.The right to marry is provided for under A.12 (HRA, 1998) and establishes that any person of legal age has a right to get married. This may emerge in analysing Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s case where the local authorities restrict her from getting married. However, the argument may not be effective in allowing Alice to marry because the mental Health act of 2005 also stipulates that individuals who do not have the capacity to make personal decisions are not in a position to enter a civil relationship or get married. This means that the local authority has a valid reason to stop the marriage; given that they have also conducted tests to establish that Alice is incapable of making her own decision on marriage.The Mental Capacity Act offers provisions on how persons who are unable to make decisions due to mental challenges should be treated at any particular time (Cowan, 2007; Lucas, 2011). It defines the inability to make decisions under s. 3(3) (MCA, 1998), where an individual is said to be incapable of such an action if they are unable to: understand information related to the decision, retain information, weigh and use information in decision making and to communicate such decisions. This is well illustrated in this case where the local authorities consider Alice incapable of making the decision to get married based on her mental illness. According to the law, the local authority is permitted to make the decision on her behalf as long as it is in her best interests.Section 3 (sub-section 3) in its explanation on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"inability to make decisionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ provides that, the fact that a person is unable to effectively understand information for use in decision making for a limited period does not render him incapable of making a decision (Craigie, Mackenzie and Rogers, 2013). In this case, it is highly possible that Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s decision making ability is affected whenever she gets stress attacks but this does not make her unable to make decisions when her condition stabilises. This should therefore be given consideration.In section 4 of the Act, a provision for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"best interestsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, ensures that actions taken are only to the best interests of the individual. In determining whether an act is in a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s best interests, the individual making the determination should not do so barely on the basis of his condition or an aspect of their behaviour; which would otherwise lead to unjust assumpti ons on what their best interests are (s.4 (1a) MCA (2005). As the local authority makes its decision, it is important that they consider that her happiness is also important even through the apparent risk.S. 4(4) (MCA, 2005) provides that the determining person must as reasonably practical encourage and permit the person to participate, or attempt to help to help the person improve his ability to participate as much as possible in the decision that affects him (Craigie, Mackenzie and Rogers, 2013). In this case, the local authority must consider helping Alice to possibly participate in the decision making. The fact that she has expressed her wish to marry means that she may be in a position to determine what is in her best interests and merely judging her based on her illness may be inappropriate and unfair (Lucas, 2011).This case presents a situation in which the local authority seeks to control Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ability to form relationships including marriage and sexual relations . This is open to contention based on section 27 of the MCA which provides that the Act does not permit decisions to be made on behalf of another person regarding consenting to marriage, sexual relations, decree of divorce based following two yearsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ separation, making an adoption order and discharge or parental responsibilities among others (Cowan, 2007). It is apparent that the local authority aims at preventing Alice from marrying her partner despite her willingness to do so. In addition, the local authority places conditions in the event that Alice and her partner only have sexual relations and their meetings be monitored. By blocking Alice from marriage based on her mental condition, the local authority fails to consider that she has the ability to make her own decisions, especially when she is in a stable condition.Certain policies, procedures and systems related to social work are also highly applicable in this case and could be used in supporting the adult. Examples include the Community Care Assessment Direction of 2004, the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguarding System (DoLS) policy and the Care Quality Commission.Under the Care Assessment Direction, Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s mental condition and her decision making capability may be assessed to determine whether she needs to be protected as deemed by the local authority (Clements and Mandelstam, 2011). This is done in compliance to relevant public law and the local authority is calling for assessment must gather and provide the Department of Health with enough evidence about Alice to show what her needs are; and also have some standard by which they can prove whether or not Alice requires the services indicated (Clements and Mandelstam, 2011). In conducting the assessment Directions ensure that the process is fair and that the individual understands what is happening, and has an opportunity to make a contribution.The Care Quality Commission is an independent reg... Social Law Policy Term Paper - 1925 Words Social Law Policy (Term Paper Sample) Content: Student name:Course name and Code:University:Tutor:Date of submission:CASE STUDY A à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ CAPACITY FOR PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSIntroductionThe case of the 39 year old woman (Named Alice* for the purpose of referencing in this case), living in a group home and her decision to marry her partner raises concerns over her ability to make decisions on whether to marry and where to live; given that she suffers paranoid schizophrenia and limited cognitive functioning. It is established that Alice is not in a position to make the decision to get married and the local authorities propose that she is only in a position to make decisions regarding her personal, sexual experience with her partner. In addition, the local authorities propose that for her safety, she should only have limited, supervised contact with her partner. The Court of Protection deems this unreasonable and an infringement to Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s privacy; hence suggesting less supervision and extra support from the local authorities as required.Considering this case on capacity for personal relationships, two legislations apply in analysing the emerging issues. These are the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005, both of which can be interpreted to reach a decision on how to treat Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s predicament. This paper is a discussion of the two legislations in relation to the case in order to determine the applicable facts and courses of action.DiscussionThe Human Rights Act of 1998 seeks to protect individuals and safeguard human rights and setting minimum standards on how human beings should be treated. The HRA (1998) is highly applicable in this case because various factions as defined by the law may be applied in interpretation of the case as follows:The right to life as provided in Article 2 of HRA states that authorities must ensure reasonable steps to protect life are taken. This means that the authorities are obligated to take preventative measures to protect a person whose life is deemed to be at risk and hence implement any possible measures to protect life. It is evident from this case that the relationship between Alice and her partner could subject her to risky situations. He not only abuses drugs but is also abusive to her and has been known to misuse her support benefits for drugs. The fact that spending significant amounts of time with her partner puts Alice at risk of non-compliance with medication, deterioration of her illness and other risks can be used as defence by the local authority to explain that the proposal to only allow Alice to see her partner for two hours per month, supervised, is meant to protect her life.Alice on the other hand may be said to have the right to liberty under A. 5 (HRA, 1998). This Article states that each individual has the freedom to move about as they want without restriction, such as being locked in a room or being detained. The local authorities can be said to be infringing Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s r ight to liberty by restricting her from seeing her boyfriend whenever she wants. The law however provides for exceptions; where the authorities can expressly prove that the person is suffering from a mental disorder and that this has been established objectively through medical expertise. In the Mental Capacity Act (MCA, 2005), it is provided that a person may be deprived of his or her liberty if this is in regard to an order under s. 16(2)(a) (MCA, 1998) concerning the personal welfare of the affected person (Lucas, 2011). The local authorities in this instance have already established that Alice suffers from paranoid schizophrenia and could use this as an argument for restricting her relationship and thus her movements.A. 8 (HRA, 1998) ensures that individuals have the right to a private and family life. This includes the right to have unlimited and confidential communication, control how information is shared about their private life and not to be followed or investigated without any legal right (Woods, 1999). Unmarried partners are also included as family and Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s rights can therefore be said to have been violated. As argued by the Court of Protection, the actions taken by the local authority amount to excessive intrusion into her private life and would cause further distress and disruption to her life and relationship. Restricting when Alice should see her partner and supervising her is an infringement to her privacy and to a great extent a violation to her right to family life.The right to marry is provided for under A.12 (HRA, 1998) and establishes that any person of legal age has a right to get married. This may emerge in analysing Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s case where the local authorities restrict her from getting married. However, the argument may not be effective in allowing Alice to marry because the mental Health act of 2005 also stipulates that individuals who do not have the capacity to make personal decisions are not in a position to enter a civil relationship or get married. This means that the local authority has a valid reason to stop the marriage; given that they have also conducted tests to establish that Alice is incapable of making her own decision on marriage.The Mental Capacity Act offers provisions on how persons who are unable to make decisions due to mental challenges should be treated at any particular time (Cowan, 2007; Lucas, 2011). It defines the inability to make decisions under s. 3(3) (MCA, 1998), where an individual is said to be incapable of such an action if they are unable to: understand information related to the decision, retain information, weigh and use information in decision making and to communicate such decisions. This is well illustrated in this case where the local authorities consider Alice incapable of making the decision to get married based on her mental illness. According to the law, the local authority is permitted to make the decision on her behalf as long as it is in her best interests.Section 3 (sub-section 3) in its explanation on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"inability to make decisionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ provides that, the fact that a person is unable to effectively understand information for use in decision making for a limited period does not render him incapable of making a decision (Craigie, Mackenzie and Rogers, 2013). In this case, it is highly possible that Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s decision making ability is affected whenever she gets stress attacks but this does not make her unable to make decisions when her condition stabilises. This should therefore be given consideration.In section 4 of the Act, a provision for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"best interestsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, ensures that actions taken are only to the best interests of the individual. In determining whether an act is in a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s best interests, the individual making the determination should not do so barely on the basis of his condition or an aspect of their behaviour; which would otherwise lead to unjust assumpti ons on what their best interests are (s.4 (1a) MCA (2005). As the local authority makes its decision, it is important that they consider that her happiness is also important even through the apparent risk.S. 4(4) (MCA, 2005) provides that the determining person must as reasonably practical encourage and permit the person to participate, or attempt to help to help the person improve his ability to participate as much as possible in the decision that affects him (Craigie, Mackenzie and Rogers, 2013). In this case, the local authority must consider helping Alice to possibly participate in the decision making. The fact that she has expressed her wish to marry means that she may be in a position to determine what is in her best interests and merely judging her based on her illness may be inappropriate and unfair (Lucas, 2011).This case presents a situation in which the local authority seeks to control Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ability to form relationships including marriage and sexual relations . This is open to contention based on section 27 of the MCA which provides that the Act does not permit decisions to be made on behalf of another person regarding consenting to marriage, sexual relations, decree of divorce based following two yearsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ separation, making an adoption order and discharge or parental responsibilities among others (Cowan, 2007). It is apparent that the local authority aims at preventing Alice from marrying her partner despite her willingness to do so. In addition, the local authority places conditions in the event that Alice and her partner only have sexual relations and their meetings be monitored. By blocking Alice from marriage based on her mental condition, the local authority fails to consider that she has the ability to make her own decisions, especially when she is in a stable condition.Certain policies, procedures and systems related to social work are also highly applicable in this case and could be used in supporting the adult. Examples include the Community Care Assessment Direction of 2004, the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguarding System (DoLS) policy and the Care Quality Commission.Under the Care Assessment Direction, Aliceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s mental condition and her decision making capability may be assessed to determine whether she needs to be protected as deemed by the local authority (Clements and Mandelstam, 2011). This is done in compliance to relevant public law and the local authority is calling for assessment must gather and provide the Department of Health with enough evidence about Alice to show what her needs are; and also have some standard by which they can prove whether or not Alice requires the services indicated (Clements and Mandelstam, 2011). In conducting the assessment Directions ensure that the process is fair and that the individual understands what is happening, and has an opportunity to make a contribution.The Care Quality Commission is an independent reg...

Feminist Studies of Experience in The Hunger Games - Literature Essay Samples

Suzanne Collins captivates readers of every age, race, and sex with her dystopian, slightly Orwellian novel, The Hunger Games. Aspects of it are reminiscent of Lois Lowry’s The Giver in that the society depicted is one in which mankind has progressed through all that readers in reality have experienced and surmised that it is best to evolve beyond such structures to create a post-structural society in which rules they deem most befitting humanity as a whole are made law. Collins depicts a barbaric, post-modern rendering of the gladiatorial games of Ancient Greece with several unique twists, and the result is a survival-of-the-fittest royale between predominately poor children as a spectacle of entertainment for the wealthy. Needless to say, the novel is most often analyzed for its classism because it is so easily observed as an intact, oppressive institution in the text, but one of the most potent, underlying themes that supplements this classism is the female experience, whic h Collins breaks down for its problematic facets and more equally distributes its marginalization among the characters who are oppressed; consequently, oppression becomes analogous to the feminine experience. Plucked from the dismal life that, in and of itself, is already a survival game of overwhelming odds, Katniss Everdeen is forced to participate in the Hunger Games for the very practical need to provide for her family. The circumstance that bears her in the first place is one of considerable helplessness for most people. She lives in a derelict district of dilapidation and destitution where wealth is hardly said to exist at all, save for one reclusive character named, Haymitch. No one concerns themselves with money so much as food, the primary commodity for which money is used in District 12 due to the severity of the people’s poverty. Arguably the most pertinent aspect of their poverty from a feminist perspective is their inability to provide for themselves. â€Å"Even though trespassing in the woods is illegal,† Collins writes, â€Å"and poaching carries the severest of penalties, more people would risk it if they had weapons. [†¦] My bow is a rarity† (Col lins 12). The citizens cannot hunt for food, yet they are forced to live in a city where food is scarce. The inability to provide for self is not actually feminine trait but, rather, a characteristic ascribed to women by the chauvinistic perspective. Part of the female experience is the incessant encounter with this notion that women are both weak and weak-willed. A woman is constantly forced to do for herself in spite of these and many other disadvantageous assumptions imposed upon them, which makes every strong action taken by a woman an act of defiance to a certain extent. This is why the female experience seems to manifest as a much deeper, more nuanced deconstruction in the text because Collins separates the female experience from the woman and simply equates it with oppression itself. Katniss lives with her mother and sister, and they are surviving without her father who admittedly was the breadwinner in a very literal sense prior to the events of the novel. That being said, the community in which Katniss lives as well as the entire society as a whole is not particularly patriarchal. There are instances where certain characters seem to consider Katniss’s actions in terms of gender roles, but by and large, the story is wrought of women doing what some patriarchal societies would claim was too difficult, too taxing, or too manly for a woman to do, and no one seems to make note of it. The most common job depicted in District 12 is that of a vendor selling one thing or another, and most of the vendors mentioned are women, which indicates that many women are employed and presumably earning the same measly rates that the men earn. The significance of a lack of patriarchy is that the classist oppression so commonly analyzed from Collins’s novel is quite evenly distributed. When the children are â€Å"randomly† selected for participation in the Hunger Games, they all line up according to age, irrespective of sex, and there is a stage upon which are â€Å"three chairs, a podium, and two large glass balls, one for the boys and one for the girls.† Every participating district sends one tribute per sex, oppressing both equally. More to the point, Laura Mulvey theorizes in feminist film criticism that there is an aspect of gender relations in media that she calls the â€Å"male gaze,† and she unpacks it in a 1975 essay entitled, â€Å"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema.† Speaking in the context of film, she says, â€Å"Pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female,† and she supplements this by pointing out that the role of women in film is  "strong visual and erotic impact so that they can be said to connote to-be-looked-at-ness† (Mulvey 808-9). No matter what the woman is saying or doing in reality, the male gaze projects fantasy upon her that objectifies her. To analyze the male gaze and its role in The Hunger Games more thoroughly, Mulvey argues that the male gaze is a phenomenon of male privilege that infects the minds of both men and women with the idea that the purpose of the woman is a passive one—little more than to be beheld or looked at like an object. It renders women metaphorically and sometimes literally inanimate. They are powerless only because their power (i.e. their animus as Carl Jung would call it) is not acknowledged. Mulvey asserts that this is why, especially in early cinema, it is most traditional that the male characters drive the plot, advancing the story because they are the focal points of action while women, although contributing, contribute passively and through no power of their own but only by being observed in some way. Until experienced, it is hard to comprehend just how oppressive objectification is, which is why The Hunger Games represents such an impeccable contribution to feminist criticism. Collins breaks down the traditional, patriarchal norms of storytelling by making the protagonist female, a young woman who advances the plot solely of her own power, and her power is only accentuated by the first-person narration. As stated earlier, though, the oppression depicted in the novel is, in and of itself, nothing more than the even distribution of the normal, female experience. All tributes in the Games are first dressed in decorative garb and paraded through the Capitol as spectacles, and this attributes the female role and its â€Å"to-be-looked-at-ness† to all tributes regardless of sex. â€Å"’No matter,’ says Cinna. ‘So, Katniss, about your costume for the opening ceremonies. My partner, Portia, is the stylist for your fellow tribute, Peeta. And our current thought is to dress you in complementary costumes,’ says Cinna† (Collins 90). Both main characters, female as well as male, are equally objectified in the opening ceremonies, an extension of the systemic oppression that threatens their very livelihoods. In essence, the struggles portrayed in Collins’s work do, of course, serve as commentary on the plight of classism, but as that is more of a surface detail in the story, Collins seems to invest more in the illustration of oppression being inherently the female experience. The idea that the girlhood and womanhood are phases of endurance amid a systemic starvation of the essence of general personhood is a much more potent notion that does a lot to bring legitimately intrigued, androcentric readers to a point of (even if only subconsciously so) being more capable of recognizing the marginalization of women.

Australia s International Student Market - 1420 Words

Australia, the U.S. and the U.K. have, in recent years, emerged as key players in the international student market. Australia has developed a strongly entrepreneurial approach to attracting the lucrative overseas student market, a key factor in is the potentially enormous profitability that ensues from Australia’s ability to attract â€Å"tens of thousands of students from several different countries† establishing a â€Å"diversified market with strong growth potential† (Verbik Lasanowski, 2007, p.5). One reason for Australia’s success in the international student market is that it has a high numbers of students from India and China and these two countries are generally regarded as â€Å"the world’s two most prominent source countries† (Ibid). Australia has had success in supplying the enormous demand for higher education for international students from these countries and the numbers of Chinese and Indian students seeking higher educatio n provision in Australia is expected to grow in the foreseeable future. There are several reasons why Australia has so much success in increasing international student numbers. These include effective marketing; English language; proximity to Asian countries; relatively affordable living and study costs and importantly, a quality education in terms of coursework and support for the needs of international students (Terrell, cited in Bartel Petersen, 1999, pp. 73-75). Walters (cited in Stiasny Gore, 2013) identified four main reasons why overseasShow MoreRelatedThe Micro Economy Of Australia922 Words   |  4 Pagesfactors influence their choices and how their decisions affect the goods markets by affecting the price, the supply and demand. 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